Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-bulldozer, ifektri yeketanga lama-bulldozer aseNdiya

Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-bulldozer, ifektri yeketanga lama-bulldozer aseNdiya

I-Crawler dozer (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-crawler dozer) yathuthukiswa ngempumelelo nguBenjamin Holt, umMelika, ngo-1904. Yakhiwa ngokufaka i-bulldozer yokuphakamisa ngesandla phambi kwetrektara yokugibela. Ngaleso sikhathi, amandla kwakuyinjini yomusi. Kamuva, kwathuthukiswa ama-crawler dozer aqhutshwa ngamandla kagesi wemvelo kanye nenjini kaphethiloli. I-bulldozer blade nayo yathuthukiswa kusukela ekuphakamiseni ngesandla kuya ekuphakamiseni ngentambo. UBenjamin Holt wayengomunye wabasunguli beCaterpillar Inc. e-United States. Ngo-1925, iHolt Manufacturing Company kanye ne-C 50. Best Bulldozer Company bahlangana ukuze bakhe iCaterpillar Bulldozer Company, baba ngumkhiqizi wokuqala emhlabeni wemishini ye-bulldozer, futhi basungula ngempumelelo iqembu lokuqala lama-bulldozer angu-60 anezinjini zedizili ngo-1931. Ngokuqhubeka kwezobuchwepheshe, i-bulldozer inikwe amandla yizinjini zedizili, kanti i-bulldozer blade kanye ne-scarifier konke kuphakanyiswa ngamasilinda e-hydraulic. Ngaphezu kwama-bulldozer ohlobo lwe-crawler, kukhona nama-bulldozer ohlobo lwethayi, atholakala eminyakeni engaba yishumi kamuva kunama-bulldozer ohlobo lwe-crawler. Ama-Crawler bulldozer asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi angabamba kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlukahluka nobuningi bemikhiqizo yawo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe kukhulu kakhulu kunalawo ama-bulldozer amathayi. Emhlabeni jikelele, i-Caterpillar iyinkampani enkulu kunazo zonke yokukhiqiza imishini yobunjiniyela emhlabeni. Ama-bulldozer ayo e-caterpillar afaka uchungechunge olukhulu, oluphakathi noluncane lwe-D3-D11, i-D11 RCD enkulu kunazo zonke, futhi amandla e-flywheel enjini yedizili afinyelela ku-634kw; i-Komatsu, inkampani yaseJapan, yabekwa endaweni yesibili. Ngo-1947, yaqala ukwethula nokukhiqiza ama-bulldozer e-crawler e-D50. Kunezinhlobo ezingu-13 zama-bulldozer ahambayo, kusukela ku-D21-D575, encane kunazo zonke yi-D21, amandla enjini yedizili ahambayo angama-29.5kw, enkulu kunazo zonke yi-D575A-3SD, kanti amandla enjini yedizili ahambayo angama-858kw. Futhi iyi-bulldozer enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni njengamanje; Omunye umenzi we-bulldozer oyingqayizivele yi-Liebheer Group yaseJalimane. Ama-bulldozer ayo onke aqhutshwa yingcindezi ye-hydrostatic. Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi yocwaningo nentuthuko, lobu buchwepheshe bethula uhlobo oluthile ngo-1972. Ngo-1974, yaqala ukukhiqiza ngobuningi ama-bulldozer ahambayo ahambayo aqhutshwa yi-PR721-PR731 kanye ne-PR741. Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic, amandla ayo aphezulu angama-295Kw kuphela, futhi imodeli yayo iwukumba i-PR751.

Abakhiqizi abathathu be-bulldozer abangenhla bamele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lama-bulldozer ahamba ngezinyawo emhlabeni namuhla. Abanye abakhiqizi bakwamanye amazwe be-crawler bulldozer, njengoJohn Deere, Case, New Holland kanye noDreista, nabo banezinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza. Ifektri ye-bulldozer yaseNdiya
Ukukhiqizwa kwama-bulldozer eShayina kwaqala ngemva kokusungulwa kweNew China. Ekuqaleni, i-bulldozer yafakwa ku-tractor yezolimo. Ngokuthuthuka komnotho wezwe, isidingo sama-bulldozer aphakathi nendawo amakhulu ezimayini ezinkulu, ekugcinweni kwamanzi, eziteshini zikagesi kanye naseminyango yezokuthutha siyanda. Nakuba imboni yokukhiqiza yama-bulldozer aphakathi nendawo amakhulu eShayina ithuthuke kakhulu, ayisakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zentuthuko yomnotho kazwelonke. Ngakho-ke, kusukela ngo-1979, iShayina iye yaletha ngokulandelana ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, imininingwane yenqubo, amazinga obuchwepheshe kanye nezinhlelo zezinto zokwakha ama-bulldozer avela eKomatsu Company of Japan kanye neCaterpillar Company of the United States. Ngemva kokugaya nokumunca, kanye nobuchwepheshe obubalulekile, iphethini elawulwa yimikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe beKomatsu ngawo-1980 kanye nawo-1990 yasungulwa. Ifektri ye-bulldozer yaseNdiya

Kusukela ngawo-1960, kube nabakhiqizi abangaba bane embonini ye-bulldozer yasekhaya. Isizathu ukuthi izidingo zokucubungula imikhiqizo ye-bulldozer ziphezulu, ubunzima bukhulu, futhi ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi avamile awalokothi ahileleke kalula. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kwemakethe, kusukela "kuHlelo Lweminyaka Eyisishiyagalombili Nesihlanu", amanye amabhizinisi amakhulu naphakathi eShayina aqale ukusebenzisa ama-bulldozer ngasikhathi sinye ngokwamandla awo, njenge-Inner Mongolia No.1 Machinery Factory, i-Xuzhou Loader Factory, njll., futhi yandisa ithimba lemboni ye-bulldozer. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elincane lamabhizinisi laqala ukwehla ngenxa yokuphathwa kabi kanye nesidingo sokuzivumelanisa nentuthuko yemakethe, kanti amanye asukile embonini. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi be-bulldozer basekhaya bahlanganisa kakhulu i-Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., i-Hebei Xuanhua Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., i-Shanghai Pengpu Machinery Factory Co., Ltd., i-Tianjin Construction Machinery Factory, i-Shaanxi Xinhuang Industrial Machinery Co., Ltd., i-Yituo Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., njll. Ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kwama-bulldozer, izinkampani ezingenhla nazo zaqala ukuzibandakanya ekukhiqizweni kweminye imikhiqizo yemishini yokwakha, njenge-Shantui, ekhiqiza nama-road roller, ama-grader, ama-excavator, ama-loader, ama-forklift, njll. Ifektri ye-bulldozer yaseNdiya