Isu lemboni yemishini yokwakha isihloko 1: umoya noma isibhengezo?Izesekeli zemishini yokwakha yaseNdiya, ithuluzi lebhakede lekati
Kuleli phepha, “umoya” ubhekisele esicini senqubomgomo sokukhula okuzinzile, “inhliziyo” isho ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yesitoko semishini yokwakha, futhi “ifulegi” lisho ushintsho oluyisisekelo lwemishini yokwakha.Ngokuhlaziya izinguquko zenqubomgomo, ukusebenza kwentengo yesitoko emlandweni kanye nezisekelo zezimboni, sizama ukuthola ubudlelwano phakathi kwalokhu kokuthathu.Kusukela ngoMashi, umoya wenqubomgomo yokukhula kancane kancane ufudumala, futhi izikhathi eziningana emlandweni, inqubomgomo yokukhula okuqhubekayo ibonise ukuhambisana nenani lentengo yemishini yokwakha;Ngo-2022, isidingo semboni yemishini yokwakha kulindeleke ukuthi sibone ukuthuthuka okuncane.Izesekeli zemishini yokwakha yaseNdiya, ithuluzi lebhakede lekati
“Umoya” wenqubomgomo yokukhula okuqhubekayo usufikile.
1) Inqubomgomo yokukhula okuqhubekayo kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke.Ingqungquthela emaphakathi yemisebenzi yezomnotho iphakamise ukuthi umsebenzi wezomnotho ngowezi-2022 kufanele uzinze futhi ufune inqubekelaphambili ngesikhathi ugcina uzinzo, ukhomba umkhombandlela wokukhula okuqhubekayo kwezimboni.Ukuze kusetshenziswe izinqumo namalungiselelo eKomidi Elikhulu le-CPC kanye noMkhandlu Kazwelonke futhi kudlale ngokugcwele indima ye-macroeconomic "ballast", iKhomishana yezokuthuthukiswa kwezwe kanye nezinguquko kanye noMnyango Wezimboni kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi bakhiphe ngokuhlanganyela izinqubomgomo ezimbalwa zokukhuthaza. ukukhula okuqhubekayo komnotho wezimboni nezinhlaka ezifanele muva nje, ukuze kwandiswe umphumela wenqubomgomo, kugqugquzelwe ngempumelelo ukusebenza okuzinzile komnotho wezimboni kanye nokulwela ukusimamisa isimo somnotho omkhulu sisonke.Muva nje, ukusabalala kwesilinganiso senzalo samabhondi kaMgcinimafa weminyaka eyi-10 wase-China kubheke phansi, okungase kubangele ukwethulwa kwezinqubomgomo zokukhula ezizinzile.
2) Ukulawulwa kwe-countercyclical kokutshalwa kwengqalasizinda kuyaqhubeka nokugqamisa.Ngo-April 7, i-China Railway yamemezela idatha yokusebenza kwekota yokuqala ka-2022. Inani lenkontileka yokwakha enkulu esanda kusayinwa ye-China Railway ngekota yokuqala lifinyelele kuma-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-543.45, okuwukunyuka ngo-94.1% unyaka nonyaka.Inani lenkontileka yokwakha enkulu esanda kusayinwa kwikota yokuqala lifinyelele izinga eliphezulu kakhulu esikhathini esifanayo emlandweni.Kusukela kuMasingana kuya kuNhlolanja, izinga lokukhula kwengqalasizinda etshalwe ngempahla egxilile lenyuke ngo-8.6% unyaka nonyaka, futhi izinga lokukhula lakhula kancane kancane.Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebruwari, inani lamabhondi akhethekile akhishwa ohulumeni basekhaya lafinyelela ku-971.9 billion yuan, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-452,8%;Inqubekelaphambili yokukhishwa kwamabhondi akhethekile kahulumeni wasekhaya ishesha kakhulu kunaleya eminyakeni edlule, futhi ukuqaliswa kwemiklamo emikhulu kulindeleke ukuthi kusheshe.Izesekeli zemishini yokwakha yaseNdiya, ithuluzi lebhakede lekati
3) Inqubomgomo yokulawulwa kwezindlu nezindlu ingenise ukuphumula okuncane.Kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka, izinqubomgomo zokulawulwa kwezindlu nezindlu ziye zaqhubeka nokuxega.Kusukela ekusekeleni isidingo esinengqondo sokuthengwa kwezindlu kanye nokwandisa inzuzo yamaphrojekthi emakethe yomhlaba, sithuthukise inkambiso eyehlayo yokunikezwa okubuthakathaka kanye nesidingo emakethe yezindlu nemizi.Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuFebhuwari, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqediwe ekuthuthukisweni kwezindlu ezithengiswayo kukhuphuke ngo-3.7% unyaka nonyaka, indawo entsha yokwakha yehle ngo-12.2% unyaka nonyaka, futhi indawo entsha yokwakha yaqhubeka nokukhula kabi.Njengomkhakha obalulekile obheke ezansi nomkhakha wemishini yokwakha, ukuxegiswa kancane kwenqubomgomo yezindlu nezindlu kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubekisele phambili ukutholakala kwesidingo semboni yemishini yokwakha.
Indlela yokuhambisa "inhliziyo" yenani lesabelo semishini yokwakha
1) Izinqubomgomo ezimbalwa zokukhula ezizinzile emlandweni zenze intengo yamasheya yomkhakha wemishini yokwakha yenyuke.Uma sibheka emuva kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, i-China cishe ihlangabezane nemizuliswano emihlanu yokukhula okuqhubekayo ngo-2008-2009, 2012, 2014-2015, 2018-2019 nango-2020.
Uma sithatha isibonelo seSany Heavy Industry, ukunyuka nokwehla okuphezulu kakhulu kwentengo yamasheya ka-Sany ezikhathini ezinhlanu ezingenhla kube ku-89.5%, 22.3%, 118.0%, 60.3% no-148.2% ngokulandelana, kanti uhla lokunyuka nokwehla lube ngu-49.3%, – 13.9%, – 24.2%, 52.7% kanye 146.9% ngokulandelana.
Kungatholakala ukuthi inqubomgomo yokukhula engaguquki idlale indima ethile ekukhuphuleni intengo yamasheya womkhakha wemishini yokwakha.
2) Imishini yokwakha isengathwebula iwindi lokutshalwa kwezimali elingcono emjikelezweni owehlayo.Sigxila ekuhlaziyeni ukusebenza kwentengo yesitoko ye-Sany Heavy Industry emjikelezweni ophansi womkhakha wemishini yokwakha kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2016, okungenzeka kube nereferensi ebalulekile yokutshalwa kwezimali kulesi sigaba:
Ngokomlando, inqubomgomo yokukhula engashintshi ibe nomthelela omuhle enanini lamasheya e-Sany Heavy Industry, futhi amathuba angcono okutshalwa kwezimali asengatholakala emjikelezweni wokwehla.Sikholelwa ukuthi iphoyinti lokuguquguquka kokusebenza, iphoyinti lokuguquguquka kwe-oda kanye nephoyinti lokushintsha elilindelekile lokuhleleka kuyisihluthulelo sokwahlulela ukusebenza kwentengo yesitoko yomkhakha wemishini yokwakha;Ushintsho olulindelekile lwama-oda lungase luholele ekuphenduleni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwentengo yesitoko, futhi ukusebenza kungase kube inkomba ebambekayo emjikelezweni wokwehla.
3) Lo mzuliswano wokulungisa okubukhali emalini yamasheya embonini yemishini yokwakha ubonise ngokugcwele ukulindela okungenathemba kwemboni.Kusukela ngo-2021, amanani entengo yamasheya e-Sany, Zoomlion, XCMG, Hengli kanye namanye amabhizinisi emishini yokwakha alungiswe ngokuphawulekayo, ngokwehla ngo-61.9%, 55.1%, 33.0% kanye no-62.0% ngokulandelana kusukela inani eliphakeme lentengo yamasheya.Kusukela ngekota yesibili ka-2021, idatha yokuthengiswa konyaka nonyaka yemikhiqizo yemishini yokwakha efana nezimba, okhrayini bamaloli namaloli ephampu iqhubekile nokwehla.Imakethe ngokuvamile ikholelwa ukuthi imboni yemishini yokwakha ingenise umjikelezo ophezulu/okwehlayo ngemva komjikelezo okhuphukayo weminyaka emihlanu, futhi intengo yesitoko nayo ikhombisa lokhu kulindela okungenathemba.Uma isidingo semboni kulindeleke ukuthi sithuthuke kancane ngo-2022, sinesizathu sokulindela intengo yesitoko ukuthi izinze futhi iphinde ibuyele emuva.Izesekeli zemishini yokwakha yaseNdiya, ithuluzi lebhakede lekati
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-15-2022
